The Causes of the Industrial Revolution Essay -- Industrial Revolution

The Causes of the industrial transitionThe causes of the Industrial Revolution were complex and remain a topic for debate, with some historians seeing the Revolution as an outgrowth of social and institutional changes wrought by the end of feudalism in cracking Britain after the English Civil War in the 17th century. The Enclosure movement and the British Agricultural Revolution made food production more efficient and less labor-intensive, forcing the surplus population who could no longer find employment in agriculture into the cities to seek work in the newly developed factories. The colonial expansion of the 17th century with the concomitant development of international trade, creation of financial markets and accumulation of capital are also cited as factors, as is the scientific revolution of the 17th century.The presence of a large domestic market should also be considered an important catalyst of the Industrial Revolution, particularly explaining why it occurred in Britain. In other nations, such as France, markets were split up by local regions, which often imposed tolls and tariffs on goods traded among them.Why Europe?One question of active interest to historians is why the Industrial Revolution occurred in Europe and not other parts of the world, particularly mainland China. Numerous factors have been suggested, including ecology, government, and culture. Benjamin Elman argues that China was in a high direct equilibrium trap in which the nonindustrial methods were efficient enough to prevent use of industrial methods with high costs of capital. Kenneth Pommeranz, in the Great Divergence, argues that Europe and China were remarkably similar in 1700, and that the crucial differences which created the Industrial Revolution in Europe were sources of coal near manufacturing centres and raw materials such as food and woodwind from the New World, which allowed Europe to expand economically in a way that China could not. Indeed, a combination of all of these factors is possible.Why did it start in Great Britain?The debate around the concept of the initial startup of the Industrial Revolution also concerns the lead of 30 to 100 years that the British had over the Continental European countries and America. Some have stressed the importance of natural or financial resources that the United Kingdom received from its many overseas colonies or that get from... ...ailroads for more durable rail led to the development of the means to cheaply mass-produce steel. Steel is often cited as the first of several new areas for industrial mass-production, which are said to characterize a Second Industrial Revolution, beginning around 1870. This second Industrial Revolution gradually grew to include the chemical industries, rock oil refining and distribution, electrical industries, and, in the twentieth century, the automotive industries, and was marked by a transition of technological leadership from Great Britain to the United States and Germ any.The introduction of hydroelectric power generation in the Alps enabled the rapid industrialization of coal-starved northern Italy, beginning in the 1890s. The increasing availability of economic petroleum products also reduce the relation of coal to the potential for industrialization.By the 1890s, industrialization in these areas had created the first giant industrial corporations with often nearly global international operations and interests, as companies like U.S. Steel, General Electric, and Bayer AG joined the railroads on the worlds stock markets and among huge, bureaucratic organizations.

Anorexia Nervosa - Includes Bi Essay -- essays research papers fc

Anorexia NervosaIn America, girls are given the message at a very young age that in order to be happy and successful, they must be thin. Given the value which society places on creation thin, it is not surprising that eat disorders are on the increase. Every time you walk into a store, you are surrounded by the images of emaciated models that appear on the covers of fashion magazines. Thousands of teenage girls are starving themselves occasional in an effort to attain what the fashion industry considers to be the ideal figure. The average model weighs 23% less than the average woman. Maintaining a weight 20% below your expected consistence weight fits the criteria for the emotional take in disorder known as anorexia. Most models, according to medical standards, fit into the category of being anorexic (Thompson, Colleen). Anorexia has been known and recognized by doctors for at least 300 years. Most researchers agree that the number of patients with this life threatening disease is increasing at an alarming rate. The Rice Counseling Center defines anorexia as an emotional disorder characterized by an intense fear of becoming obese, lack of self-esteem and distorted body image which results in self-induced starvation. In accordance with information given by the Counseling Center at the University of Lawson 2Virginia, the development of this disease more often than not begins at the age of 11 or 18. Significantly, these ages coincide with new phases of a girls life, the commencement and ending of adolescence. Recent estimates suggest that out of all 200 American girls between this age span, one will develop anorexia to some degree. The disease develops over a period of time during which the sufferer changes her eating patterns from normal or near normal to a very restricted diet (S.C.A.R.E.D. Website). This process can take anywhere from months to years. Clinically, an anorexic is diagnosed by having a body weight 20% below the expected body weight of a he althy person at the same age and height of the eating disorder patient. The anorexic often becomes frightened of gaining weight and even of food itself. The patient may feel fat, even though their body weight is easy below the normal weight for their height. Some also feel they do not deserve pleasure out of life and will deprive themselves of situations offe... ...ily, friends, and the reasons she may have fallen into a pattern of self-starvation. As a patient learns more about her condition, she is often more willing to try to help herself recover. In treating anorexia nervosa, it is extremely important to remember that immediate success does not guarantee a permanent cure. Sometimes, even after successful hospital treatment and make it to normal weight, patients suffer relapses. Follow-up therapy lasting three to five years is recommended if the patient is to be completely cured (Cove, Judy).Lawson 6Works CitedThompson, Colleen. Society and feeding Disorders. Mirror Mirror 1 9, October 1998. Online. Available http//www.mirror-mirror.org/society.htm Accessed 23, October 1998. Saunders, Janice. Anorexia and Bulimia. S.C.A.R.E.D. Online. Available http//www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Spa/3901/index.html Accessed 23, October 1998. Cove, Dr. Judy. Anorexia Nervosa General Information. Mental Health Net Online. Available http//www.cmhc.com Accessed 23, October 1998.Pearson, Nanett. A Personal Recovery Story ravenous for Attention. Attention Online. Available http//www.laureate.com/attention.html Accessed 31, October 1998.

A History of Contention:Analyzing Parallels in the Rhetoric of the Religious Right :: Essays Papers

A History of ContentionAnalyzing Parallels in the Rhetoric of the Religious righteousness One hundred and fifty-six years ago, in 1848, when the first Womens Rights Convention was held in the quiet town of Seneca Falls, New York, the concept that women were entitled to in full enfranchised citizenship was a completely foreign concept. Ideas expressed and rights demanded at that convention, and at early feminist conventions organized throughout the next seventy years, were considered ridiculous. Suffrage rights, come apart rights, womens property rights, and married womens right to sign legal contracts, control income, or have legal guardianship of their childrenor themselves, for that matterwere reacted to with insensibility at best. Surprisingly, one of the most vocal opponents of womens rights was the conservative Church, who argued that womens place, according to Scripture, was in the domestic sphere to intrude into the public sphere was to vilify her natural role and endange r her mortal soul. However, religious conservatives defense of Biblical traditions did not end with womens rights if we look at the some of the most bellicose social issues of the past and present, some interesting parallels exist between the terms used by fundamentalist Christians to resist womens rights, abolition, abortion rights, and gay marriage. In each of these debates, the religious conservatives used Scriptural notions of what is natural to resist liberal social reform.The Religious Right and its devotees had been the primary protesters of womens suffrage since the conception of the movement. Biblically, they argued, womens roles have been established as subservient to man, second-class their God-given role is to be dependent, weak, diminutive, and obedient. The Reverend J. G. Holland asserted that woman was called into being for mans happiness and interest his helpmeet to turn back and watch his movements, to second his endeavors, to fight the hard battle of life behind him. Women were not to be trusted with important moral duties, due to the weakness inherent in their sex. For instance, through the story of Eves fall, Christianity has been founded on the doctrine that woman is weak and the source of human evil. According to the Church women were neither supposed to take such an active civil role as suffrage would promote, nor were they capable enough to partake in such a privileged and indwelling civic duty what didindeed what shouldGod-abiding women know about politics?It was on this religious basis that many women were actually opposed to womens rights.

Literary Analysis of Dr. Seuss Essay -- Dr. Seuss Books Literature chi

Literary Analysis of Dr. Seuss Theodor Seuss Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss, is perhaps one of the most beloved childrens authors of the twentieth century. Although he is most famous as an author of childrens books, Geisel was also a political cartoonist, advertisement designer, and film director (Kaplan). He used the mogul of imagination to produce unforgettable childrens books and helped solve the problem of illiteracy among Americas children. By using his experiences in life as a foundation for most of his books, Theodor Geisel created a unique writing style that incorporated various elements and techniques, enabling his books to appeal to people of all ages.The animated life of Theodor Geisel is ostensible in his literary masterpieces. He was born on March 2, 1904 in Springfield, Massachusetts to Theodor and Henrietta Geisel (Ford 14). Geisel grew up speaking German and English, and his fascination with quirky words began at an early age due to his family. For example, his sister, Margaretha, called herself Marnie Ding Ding Guy, and his first creation was the Wynnmph with ears three yards long (Kaplan). During his childhood, Geisel read widely and often - developing his voracious knowledge habit at an early age. By the time he was six years old, Ted was already reading Charles Dickens and Robert Louis Stevenson (Kaplan). However, college education never interested him. denominate Least Likely To Succeed by his fellow classmates at Dartmouth University, Theodor often got in trouble for partying and was forced to resign from the school humor magazine. This gave birth to numerous pseudonyms of Geisel, such as L. Burbank, Thomas Mott Osbourne, Ted Seuss, Seuss, Dr. Seuss, and Theo LeSieg (Hurst). In his adult life, Theodor created various political cartoons for Judge, a humor magazine, and PM, a noted political magazine. The illustrations in these early cartoons call the quirky illustrations found in his childrens books (Kaplan). Geisel turned to writi ng childrens books when creating numerous ads for the popular insecticide, Flit, left him with little to do during the winter months (Hurst). By 1990, Dr. Seuss had compose over forty books, two of which were Caldecott Honor books, and won two Academy Awards for his documentaries (Krull 39). Unfortunately, battling glaucoma and cataracts became too much for Theodor he died on September... ...hors who got away with moralizing. The quirky illustrations and creative punning enable his readers to enjoy his books, while at the same time recognize morals (Hurst). Because of his innovative approach to writing books for children, Dr. Seuss has influenced American society immensely. The Oobleck he created in Bartholomew and Oobleck became the green, slimy gunk now seen on popular television networks, such as Nickelodeon (Ford 66). Furthermore, his publishing company, Beginner Books, produced a new series of childrens books called the Berenstein Bears, enabling children to enjoy more readi ng (Kaplan). Dr. Seuss revolutionized childrens literature and instilled in children the desire to read. According to literary critic Clifton Fadiman, Theodor Geisel Seuss provided ingenious and uniquely witty solutions to the standing(a) problem of illiteracy among children (qtd. in Kaplan). Due to various influential figures and profound experiences during his lifetime, as well as expert use of creative literary techniques, Theodor Seuss Geisels childrens books continue to compel readers of all ages allowing them to escape into different worlds filled with nonsense.

Buying A Computer :: Technology Market Analysis Informative

Buying a computer today is much more complicated then it was ten years ago. The choices we have argon abundant, and the information we must gather to make those choices is much greater. The average consumer is a more educated buyer they at least have some ideas of what they fate in a computer. Yet, we must still ask ourselves these significant questions such as What will the primary function of my computer be? What computer components should I consider at the time of purchase? How much money do I have to spend? Where should I go to purchase my computer? For this report, I will consider the requirements of a typical family using a mini-tower PC with the Windows 95 operating system, word processing, and entry-level publishing programs as well as, an anti-virus package, games with high-level fine art and sound, and the internet. I will also consider the following components those essential for the computer to work faster, and more efficient. They ar as follows Central Processing Unit (CPU) arrangement Memory (RAM) Storage Device(s). The following is a detailed look at the CPU, RAM, and Storage devices the important components that you should consider when purchasing a PC. Computer systems, particularly the higher-end models, develop in several Configurations desktop, mini tower, or tower. The configuration you chose should depend - to some extent - on the amount of expansion, (if any) you may want to plan for in the future. around tower configurations have a greater amount of expandability than mini tower and desktop models. Also, the amount of space that you have in your home for the system should be taken into consideration. Tower configurations are usually placed on the floor (however, not the mini tower models) whereas, desktop models are made to sit on the surface where the keyboard and monitor are located. The first consideration is the CPU. Today, the Intel Corporation is still the leading manufacturer of microprocessors. However other chip manufact urers, such as Cyrix and AMD, are rapidly climbing the industry ladder to compete with Intel in the CPU marketplace. Although these other microprocessors are probably just as good as an Intel, in that location may be some subtle differences in them that may affect their performance. The speed of the processor is very important this is the measure of its clock rate - which indicates the tote up of instructions that can be processed per second.

Buying A Computer :: Technology Market Analysis Informative

Buying a computer today is much more complicated then it was ten years ago. The choices we have ar abundant, and the information we must gather to make those choices is much greater. The average consumer is a more educated buyer they at least have some ideas of what they motive in a computer. Yet, we must still ask ourselves these significant questions such as What will the primary function of my computer be? What computer components should I consider at the time of purchase? How much money do I have to spend? Where should I go to purchase my computer? For this report, I will consider the requirements of a typical family using a mini-tower PC with the Windows 95 operating system, word processing, and entry-level publishing programs as well as, an anti-virus package, games with high-level artwork and sound, and the internet. I will also consider the following components those essential for the computer to work faster, and more efficient. They atomic way out 18 as follows Central Processing Unit (CPU) form Memory (RAM) Storage Device(s). The following is a detailed look at the CPU, RAM, and Storage devices the important components that you should consider when purchasing a PC. Computer systems, particularly the higher-end models, love in several Configurations desktop, mini tower, or tower. The configuration you chose should depend - to some extent - on the amount of expansion, (if any) you may want to plan for in the future. closely tower configurations have a greater amount of expandability than mini tower and desktop models. Also, the amount of space that you have in your home for the system should be taken into consideration. Tower configurations are usually placed on the floor (however, not the mini tower models) whereas, desktop models are made to sit on the surface where the keyboard and monitor are located. The first consideration is the CPU. Today, the Intel Corporation is still the leading manufacturer of microprocessors. However other chip ma nufacturers, such as Cyrix and AMD, are rapidly climbing the industry ladder to compete with Intel in the CPU marketplace. Although these other microprocessors are probably just as good as an Intel, on that point may be some subtle differences in them that may affect their performance. The speed of the processor is very important this is the measure of its clock rate - which indicates the number of instructions that can be processed per second.

Inhumanity in Night Essay

Elie Wiesels Night is ab turn out(a) what the Holocaust did, not just to the Jews, but also by extension, to humanity. People all everywhere the world were devastated by this atrocious act, and there are still battalion today who have not everywherecome the effects. One example of the heinous acts of the Germans that stands out occurs at the eradicate of the war, when Wiesel and the rest of the camp of Buna are being forced to transfer to Gleiwitz. This transfer is a long, arduous, and tiring journey for all who are involved. The brave out is painfully cold, and snow fell heavily the distance was greater than most people today will even dream of walking. The huge mass of people is often forced to run, and if one collapses, is injured, or simply can no longer bear the pain, they are shot or trampled without pity. An image that secures itself in Wiesels memory is that of the Rabbi Eliahous son leaving the Rabbi for dead. The father and son are running together when the father beg ins to grow tired. As the Rabbi falls further and farther behind his son, his son runs on, pretending not to estimate what is happening to his father. This spectacle causes Wiesel to think of what he would do if his father ever became as weak as the Rabbi did. He decides that he would never leave his father, even if staying with him would be the cause of his death.The German forces are so adept at breaking the spirits of the Jews that we can nail the effects throughout Wiesels novel. Wiesels faith in God, above all other things, is strong at the onset of the novel, but grows weaker as it goes on. We see this when Wiesels father politely asks the gypsy where the lavoratories are. Not just now does the gypsy not grace his father with a response, but he also delivers a blow to his head that sent him to the floor. Wiesel watches the entire exhibition, but does not even blink. He realizes that nothing, not even his faith in God, can save him from the visible punishment that would awa it him if he tried to counterattack the gypsy. If the gypsys attack had come just one day earlier, Wiesel probably would have enamored back. However, the spiritual beating by the Germans had already begun. The incident that perhaps has the greatest effect on Wiesel is the hanging of the pipel. He is a young boy with an sinless face who is condemned to death because he is involved in a conspiracy that results in the destruction of a German building.When the time for the hanging approaches, the Lagerkapo refuses to kick out the chair, so SS officers areassigned to do it. Unlike the necks of those he is hanged with, the young boys neck does not break when he falls, and he suffers for over half an hour. The suffering of the child is comparable to the suffering endured by many Jews during the Holocaust. He fought for his life, at times even seeing a bit of hope, only to be destroyed in the end. The Jews struggled for everything they had, from their possessions at the beginning, to thei r lives at the end. The result, however, was the same. At the end of the war, Wiesel looks into the mirror, and says he saw a corpse. This corpse is Wiesels body, but it has been robbed of its soul. This is similar to the outlet suffered by people all over the world. Those not directly killed during the Holocaust were still alive physically, but their mind and spirit had long been dead. By the end of the war, Wiesel loses all of his faith in God and his fellow man, and this is the most difficult obstacle to overcome when he is released.

Personal Statement University MBA program

It is no more new that the worlds most initiative providers are product of MBA graduate. It is only a man full of vision without anxiety will continue to aspire achievement from distant without pushing ahead into a reality. In the course of my seven-spot years of experience in finance as well as extensive knowledge in areas of accounting, capital investment analysis, I discovered a huge necessity to study more in business education, and become a certified professional person. When the choice of institution arises, I have got not to uncertainness the products of Hamline University from where I also graduated three years ago with evident of commendable testimonies displaced in my work place over the years.From findings, Hamline Universitys degree syllabus is such an outstanding one. It is full of current need of a blue chip company who really strives to maintain standard and leverage proficiency among equals. This definitely must have been mapped out from substantive reports of co ntinual research. In line with the aim of the institution, Hamline Uiversitys MBA program became interesting to attend when Linda Hanson, Hamline President, declares that the program is aimed at producing the outgo trait in business education that will also radiates an excellent aura of critical thinking skills of a well-educated person. I sincerely believed this is of overmuch important to a leader to put up good leadership skills in the present world where the dare need for one is yet unresolved.I have a vision, a mission coupled with the direction of a platform to fulfill the vision. It is all about becoming a professional in strategic management. While studying Master of Art in Management, courses like Foundations in Management & Leadership, Human Resource Management for Business and Managerial communications most especially sustain the aged passion to live a postman in strategic management. With the recent diagnosis of integration insufficiency as the major challenge to MBA programs in Hamline University (Dean Julian Schuster), the new proposition to blend the business education into four 16-week module plus one 16-week specialization session seems promising.Further more, the invention to amalgamate finance, accounting, marketing and operations with leadership development and strategic analysis and ethical practices will help out in the incarnate business. The proposed curriculum seems to be a continuation of my exposure during the Master program. I consider it a privilege to be part of the pioneering students of such great plan and bright prospect.A leading industry like Hp Company has a well grounded strategic management as its engine. This is the open secret of success. strategic management enhances high degree of perfection in harmonizing working-team to work out a target within stipulated expectation. Strategic management is simply the science of drafting, implementing and analyzing decisions from various angles to drive home the objectives of an organization. It involves execution of policies and principles to achieve organizational purpose.It therefore combines the activities of various functional areas of business to achieve unified goal. It is the peak in management carrier performed by the Chief Executive Officer and the designated team(s). With the understanding of the high level of responsibilities and commitments required of my area of interest strategic management, it is criminal to remain unsecured with the professional skills necessary for good service delivery to humanity and God. I hereby write to continue the mentoring I earlier enjoyed in Hamline University, now in the direction of Master in Business Administration. Your anticipated consideration is appreciated.

Saudi Student Organization; Objectives

Just like any opposite formations for international students in the university, we aimed to provide family oriented environment for our members. We are genuinely inviting some other Saudi students therefore to get involved with The Saudi disciple Organization at USI, as we firmly believe that our common culture and social orientation will help us to work more effectively as family and organization. This organization will act as Saudi culture, civilization and history and link them to other USI students of whatever nationality.Furthermore, this organization will help strengthen the social bonds of Saudi students as we are going to redefine the common misconceptions about us. Basically genius of its objectives is to increase the members understanding towards Saudi and Middle Eastern cultures and to provide them with better understanding with American culture as well. In this way, Arabic students will be able to cope and adjust to the American culture easier and faster. Since, we are anticipating an increasing number of students from Saudi Arabia we are also aiming to increase the number of our members in SSO.Assuredly, this organization will respond effectively to the members special needs and to ensure smooth and positive integration and relationship between other students in the campus. The Saudi learner Organization will provide many opportunities to students from Saudi Arabia and the like to share the beauty and authenticity of their culture and tradition and thus engaging in significant and educational dialogues with American students and others. Apparently, the main objective of this is to increase mutual understanding among individuals inside the campus.Furthermore, to be involved in this organization will give the Arabic students opportunities to continue fulfilling and practicing their tradition and religion inside their co Arabic members who share the same beliefs. Therefore, there will never be a sense of closing off in this organization since every member can always find something or someone to relate to. They can always accumulate updates towards their culture within the organization and can share ideas and thoughts on how to reaffirm their identity in a foreign country like United States.Meanwhile, SSO will also represent and address the concerns of its members in the administration. Thus, SSO guarantees its members that they always have a voice through their support group. New members, that are those who just came from their country of origin, will be guaranteed that they will acquire enough orientation through SSO about the university as a whole its culture, trends, academic pattern and sense of community. Furthermore, members will be exposed to a fault to various activities of the university inside and outside.In this way, they can widen their experiences towards different culture and people and as a result they will have more rule to widen their social network, learning and wisdom. Apparently SSO will guarantee its members that learning will not stop within the confinement of the four corners of the classroom tho rather SSO will assure them that we will provide them free learning activities and experiences. These objectives will make the members more tolerant and flexible in a companionship where there is an apparent diversity of culture and different set of belief system.Aside from the aforementioned objectives, SSO will also help its members to develop their leadership skills and self-importance esteem and to explore their full potentials. This will be beneficial for the application of their profession in the future. Interestingly, joining SSO will be a good and foolhardy investment for future endeavors. Members will also be exposed to different kinds of experiences that will even give them many opportunities to help people through sharing and camaraderie.In the future, they will become tolerant and flexible individuals who are prepared to face different kinds of circumstances. Throu ghout these objectives, SSO conclusively encourage its members to be globally agonistic to ensure success not just materially but socially, spiritually and intellectually. We are thus encouraging our co Saudi students to join Saudi Student Organization (SSO) as we want you to experience the fulfillment of our goals and objectives.

Paper Chromatography Lab Essay

Purpose to separate the various photosynthetic pigments of Spinacia oleracea leaves. Materials wood alcohol piss sink in makeup sand test underground 10 S. oleracea leaves 2 wooden splints mortar pestleMethod First, 10 S. oleracea leaves were gathered. A piece of filter paper, a wooden splint, a mortar and pestle were also gathered. The leaves were situated inside the mortar, filling the mortar approximately half full. The leaves were then crushed with the pestle. Sand, water system and methyl alcohol were added and then the leaves were crushed again. This was repeated until the leaves had reached the consistency of a soupy green paste. The leaf extract (soupy green paste) was strained, removing the fibrous spinach paste, which was placed into the garbage, and leaving the fluent leaf extract. The wooden splint was dipped into the leaf extract and then traced in a thin straight line onto the filter paper. The filter paper was allowed to dry for approximately 2 minutes. The next coat could not be applied until the paper was completely dry. The process was repeated 10 times, from dip, trace and drying. A test tube was gathered as wellhead as methanol and a second wooden splint. The wooden splint was pierced through the pop off of the filter paper and then the filter paper was placed into the empty test tube. It was thrifty how much methanol would be needed so that the result of the filterpaper was submerged but the extract line was not submerged. After measurement, the filter paper was removed from the test tube. The methanol was poured into the test tube up to the measured fill point. The filter paper was then carefully inserted so that it never touched the edges of the test tube. The test tube was carefully placed vertically into a test tube holder and allowed to absorb methanol for 45 minutes. After the 45 minutes were complete, the filter paper was then removed, measured as to how far pigments had travelled and left to dry.ObservationsCalculations R f xanthophyll= distance pigment travelleddistance to resultant role front= 79.7= 0.72Rf chlorophyll a= distance pigment travelleddistance to solvent front= 8.49.7= 0.87Rf chlorophyll b= distance pigment travelleddistance to solvent front= 8.59.7= 0.88Rf carotene= distance pigment travelleddistance to solvent front= 8.79.7= 0.90Discussion 1. The Mortar and Pestle is utilize to break heap the intramolecular bonds within the S. oleracea leaves. This helped break the molecule down into smaller molecules and individual atoms so that chloroplasts and their pigments were not buried inside the leaf and wereeasily accessible.2. Methanol is employ to dissolve the pigments, as methanol is polar and so are the pigments. As we saw, the pigments stayed with the methanol in the liquid part of the mixture but everything else (cell walls, etc) floated to the top of the mixture, so we could easily remove it.3. It is essential that the filter paper did not touch the walls of the test tube because if touching the side walls, water would absorb from the sides as well as the bottom of the filter paper. If this were to happen, the flow of methanol up the filter paper would be disturbed, thus disturbing the flow and separation of the pigments.4. It is very important that the leaf extract not be change state in the solvent because it would not travel upward the same. If the extract line were to be dissolved in the methanol, it would simply dissolve into the methanol, without actually having the chance to travel up the filter paper. With the extract line above the meniscus, the pigments only choice was to follow the path of the methanol.5. pissing would not be able to carry the pigments up the filter paper because it does not have the same physical properties as methanol. One of methanols unique features is that it dissolves compounds of very high polarity. While water will dissolve polar molecules, it would be unable to dissolve these pigments as well as methanol can.6. Accordi ng to my findings, chloroplast a is in the highest abundance in the leaf extract. This is known because of the very bright green colour of the pigment, as well as the arena of chloroplast a on the filter paper.7. Pigments separate rather than travel up the paper at the same rate due to their solubility. Pigments that are the most soluble in methanol will travel to the highest levels, almost as high as methanol itself, but pigments that are least soluble in methanol will stay lower down on the filter paper. The pigments will only travel far enough so that they are completely dissolvedfrom the methanol to the filter paper. Therefore, those pigments that are least soluble in methanol, take less time and space to dissolve from methanol so they stop travelling at an earlier stage that those that are most soluble with methanol.8. The meaning of the Rf value is to help identify pigments. Each pigment holds an Rf value, which is used like a fingerprint. Although colour can be used to iden tify pigments, their Rf value is the true indication of which pigment is present. Conclusion the various photosynthetic pigments in S. oleracea were separated using the chromatography technique.

Halina Mountain Resort a Case Study Essay

Sarah Norton is an MBA student who specializes in market look. She has one semester left until graduation and is contributeing as a graduate assistant. She is a person with truly high respectable set and she is in truth religious. She looks for a job in Hammonsville, where she wants to stay. She starts take a shiting for the intoxicating Research Corporation, a field research services association. They have offices in Dallas, Hammonsville and Tulsa. She travels to Dallas to start her training for the job and finds out that the companions behavior to the opposite stakeholders is very un estimable. Sarah, a very honourable person with high values, finds herself in a big dilemma should she stay with the partnership or better, resign from the job even though she quit her graduate assistantship.In the space analysis, environmental, cultural and political trends argon discussed. The economy in general is non in a growing layer and the ethical behavior in business is non s ufficient. Nevertheless, there is a growing trend to increase ethical behavior, and some(prenominal) companies and associations develop a tag of morals for their business or industry. In the second part of the paper, the problems appearing from the property ar discussed. Unethical behavior and its impact on the stakeholders of the troupe lead to Sarahs decision whether to resign form the job or not. In the third part, a solution is presented which is the resignation from the job. A exceptification of the chosen solution follows and also an implementation strategy.II. SITUATION epitomeA. Environment1. Economic conditions and trendsThe economic conditions atomic number 18 important in this case beca phthisis they atomic number 18 not friendly to find a job especially not for lower managers like MBAs just graduating from college. The Ameri tail industry is in the litigate of downsizing. Please note This is not an example of text written by our writers Essaypedia.com is a e ntropybase of essays that were collect at open web resources. You can use them at you own risk hobby the citation rules below.But we recommend you to order a custom plagiarism-free essay written just for you from one of our writers. Place an order, add your paper details and delight in the results You can keep in touch with your writer, check the draft of your paper and send your order for revision for free. If you are hesitating to place an order just ask for a quote In Appendix one, unemployment figures are provided, and show see that unemployment was very high in the forms 1994/1995.2. Cultural and social values and trendsUnethical behavior is becoming more and more common in business life. One can observe unethical behavior every twenty-four hours by simply watching the news. This results from the following developments the high value society places on economic success profit share being the sole objective intense competition between departments, people or companies mana gement being concerned with the letter of law rather then with the spirit of law equivocal corporate policies regarding ethical behavior inadequate controls allowing people to get away with behaving unethically business leaders failing to comprehend the publics ethical concern the let the buyer beware custom prevails (Greenberg J., Baron R. A. (2000) p. 31).Since these trends in industry have created a very unsatisfying condition, business leaders are trying to increase morale values in business life and many companies develop a decree of ethics, a mission virtually ethical behavior or an organisational kitchen-gardening with high ethical standards.3. Political and legal issuesIn the field of market research there is a code of professed(prenominal) ethics developed by the Market Research Association (MRA). However there is no nationwide standard for collection and handling of data for market researchers. This grave of ethics is provided in Appendix II.4. Summary of environment al opportunities and threatsThe economy in general is not in a growing demonstrate and the ethical behavior in business is not sufficient. Nevertheless, there a returning trend to move to a more ethical behavior, therefore many companies and associations develop a code of ethics for their business or industry. thither is no nationwide standard for ethical themes in market research and no law for ethical behavior. The recruit of Ethics of the MRA is the only attempt to set some ethical rules how to operate a merchandise research company.B. Industry1. potpourri and definition of industryOpinion and marketing research is a multi-billion-dollar industry dedicated to providing valuable information to companies, which focus on sales and services. Opinion and marketing research helps manufacturers to identify, to understand and to meet consumer needfully and wants saves the consumer money by providing data to companies to help them reduce the costs associated with new product failure s. assists manufacturers and service providers to improve the shade and usefulness of the products and services.Consumers make their opinions on products, services and issues by answering questions of market researchers. The consumer can influence manufacturers to incorporate consumer opinion into products, services and procedures. About 72 jillion Americans are interviewed in an opinion and marketing research study yearly (www.mra-net.org).The case tells us that outside research suppliers are a growing industry. Wise Research is such an industry.2. The Code of Ethics and the responsibilities of the marketing research industryThe Marketing Research Industry Association writes industry the following about ethics in the marketing research industry Research knowledge and the value of research are communicated to both the business community and the public at large, speckle complying with applicable federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances. MRA (Marketing Research Ass ociation) expects members to follow principles of honesty, professionalism, fairness and confidentiality to guard the interests of the public and our clients in order to promote well-grounded business practices. MRAs Code of Data Collection Standards consists of the responsibilities of respondents, clients, and data collectors not only to each other, but also to the general public and business community. All MRA members must sign and cling to the Code of Data Collection Standards. The standards are enforced, and complaints of alleged unethical behavior may be filed against an MRA member who is suspected to have violated the Code (http//www.mra-net.org/codes/index.cfm).This Code of Ethics is applicable for members of the MRA. It shows how important ethical behavior in marketing research is. The book Marketing direction by J. Paul Peter and crowd together H. Donnely jr. also talks about ethical behavior in the marketing research sector. Peter and Donnely base their ethical Respon sibilities on Gilbert A. Churchill Jr. market research Methodological Foundations. They trace the ethical responsibilities to three dissimilar groups respondents, clients and employees.Responsibilities to respondents are Preserving respondent anonymity Avoiding mental stress for respondents Avoiding questions detrimental to respondents Avoiding the use of mordacious equipment or techniques Avoiding deception of respondents Avoiding coercion of respondents.The responsibilities to clients are Providing confidentiality Providing technical integrity Providing administrative integrity Providing guidance on research usage.And last the responsibilities to the employees are Creating an ethical work environment Avoiding opportunities of unethical behavior (p. 41).3. Summary of the industry analysisThe market research industry is very unique and provides important information to the different industries change products and services to consumers. They normally work with a very high standard of ethical behavior the MRA summarized these ethics in the Code of Ethics.C. Firm1. Description of the companyWise Research is a market research company. Its business is field research in shopping malls which categorizes it as a field research company. Field research companies do data collection on research projects. Wise Research has been operating in this business for 25 years and has several(prenominal) subsidiaries. These subsidiaries are all mall research offices. The head office and 2 other offices are located in Dallas, TX, one is located in Tulsa, OK and one is located in Hammonsville, MI. The office in Hammonsville has exited for 10 years. The company is involved in fieldwork, although they do not generate questionnaires or analyze the collected data.The core competence of Wise Research is to collect data for other marketing research firms, and these firms provide the information to their clients. One can conclude from the descriptions of the company that it does not have a mission statement, a school of thought or a particular strategy concerning organizational stopping point and ethical behavior. There is no marketing budget and the office personnel recruits the clients. The lack of ethical behavior of Wise Research leads to a severe damage of their reputation in the broad run and to any marketing efforts. Clients will realize in a post purchase evaluation that the data delivered by Wise Research is manipulated and not valid.2. Financial conditionOne can assume that the financial situation is not very good since we learn from the case that benefits promised to employees are paid with a delay. This happens to Cindy, the office supervisor in Dallas. Also, the management discourages employees from talking about their salaries. Another evidence for a poor financial situation is that Sarah is told that she could make $ 25,000 a year with a 40-hour hebdomad, which is not true. The company owns no computers this indicates that they only possess very f ew assets. The company does not have a marketing budget.3. Management philosophy and managerial climateThe case does not say anything about the management philosophy, but is does talk about the behavior of the management, which drastically influences the organizational culture and climate.The behavior of the management is very unethical. They force their employees to fake organizational figures and they also put a substantial pressure on the employees. They take advantage of personal situations of their employees (such as in the case of Cindy she desperately needed a job, they paid her less money than other employees) and this gives management an image of dishonesty to employees and to clients. Their behavior is also very informal the interview with Sarah indicates this.4. Organizational structureThe owner of the company, Bill Wise, is also the president. His wife Karen works for the company too. The headquarters of the company is in Dallas, and there are four more offices. The off ices work with very uneducated staff. Every office has a local manger who carries the responsibility. The office managers communicate directly with the owners of the company.5. Organizational cultureThe organizational culture and also the organizational climate are influenced by the managerial climate. Climate and culture are two different subjects, but they are associated. Hofstede (1998) states in an article Attitudes, values and organizational cultures the following about climate and culture Climate derives from sociology, culture from anthropology, and this affects the methods by which they are studied climate is more fuddledly linked with individual motivation and behavior than culture, which resides entirely at the organizational level climate has an evaluative connotation and partly overlaps with satisfaction cultures can be different without one being objectively better than the other. Climate can fruitfully be seen as a subset of culture(p. 496).The organizational culture of Wise Research is very unethical and this is lived and enforced by the management. The organizational climate is very poor because of the bad managerial climate.6. Sarahs job correspond to Bill and Karen Wise, Sarahs job has the following work conditions the pay is $11 a hour, and she can earn $ 25,000 a year with a time per week of 40 hours. The benefits are health restitution premiums at the same level as the Dallas employees. The Missouri employees normally do not get health insurance benefits. One week of vacation was offered by and by one year of employment. Performance reviews are held after three and nine months. Raises are only given after performance reviews.7. Summary of the condition of Wise ResearchThe condition of Wise Research, especially in a long-term numerateation is very poor. The financial situation is poor, there are no marketing activities at all and the behavior of the management plus the organizational climate and culture is unethical. The management mig ht consider its unethical behavior as strength for the company to generate profit in the short run, but after some time the different stakeholders of the company will find out and switch to the competition.D. Sarah Norton the new employee1. Sarahs personalitySarah Norton is 32 years old and she was brought up in Missouri by a morally strong family. The values in her education were religion coupled with high moral standards. She is respected and liked by family, friends, and colleagues. She never tries to win over other people to share her views in moral standards, ethics or religion. She has one younger sister and a boyfriend in Hammonsville and she is very close with them.2. LocationSarah lives in the city of Hammonsville, Missouri. Hammonsville has about 150,000 inhabitants. Hammonsville is the town where she wants to work since her sister and her boyfriend Jeff live there. The city of Hammonsville does not have many opportunities to work as a market researcher, because a small town like this does not contain many industries that need market research.3. Education and work experienceSarah started to work after graduating from high school for the state of Missouri. She worked in the professional registration office of the Board of Healing Arts. The office is operated in a very professional manner, and this is what Sarah liked most about her work there. After a couple of years in the job, Sarah decided to get a college degree in marketing and management. She went to Hammonsville State University because she wanted to be near her sister. While studying she worked at the local state vocational rehabilitation office. She also worked at a restaurant, for which she had been responsible in the absence of the owner.People liked her at work because she has a positive work ethic she is intelligent and has strong moral values. She calibrated from the university (double major) with honors. Since she wants to work in the field of marketing research, she worked in many r esearch projects to get experience. She learned how important the ethical handling of data is, and she knows the Code of Ethics by the Marketing Research Association. In 1994 she started her MBA with a specialization in market research. She works as a graduate assistant and is responsible for five dollar bill more graduate assistants in the marketing department. In 1995 she decides to look for a job.4. Summary of Sarahs characteristicsSarah is a very skilled, educated person with high moral, ethical values and a religious attitude. She is intelligent, has a lot of project experience in marketing research as well as a good college education. Unfortunately she has not graduated from her MBA program yet. She is not flexible in choosing her workplace since she wants to stay in Hammonsville with her boyfriend and her sister.III. PROBLEMS FOUND IN SITUATION ANALYSISA. Statement of primary problems1. Evidence of problemsSarah Norton applies for a job at Wise Research after reading their j ob advertisement in the newspaper. After two interviews she gets hired and is sent directly to Dallas for on the job training. During the archetypical week of training, Sarah understands that the companys treatment of employees and customers is very unethical. She realizes that she is very unhappy with the situation and she needs to make the decision if she wants to stay with the company or not. These are the different problems I found in the situation analysisEthical Issues Professionalism The company operates in a very unprofessional way. The job advertisement is placed in the Hammonsville News Monitor, on Sunday, July 9th, 1995. It doesnt say the name of the company, nor does it give any special(prenominal) job requirements. It only gives a reference to details about an entry-level management position. Instead of an address a PO-Box is named. The following interview is not very professional either. Sarah meets Mr. and Mrs. Wise in a hotel room in Hammonsville, without knowing t hat she was going to meet Mrs. Wise too. The interview is very informal and the clothing of the Mr. and Mrs. Wise is not appropriate for a business interview. The office facilities are not shown to Sarah. The second interview is as informal as the first one. The training growth also shows a high level of unprofessionalism. Sarah receives an Airport Pick up from the son of Mr. and Mrs. Wise. He invites her for lunch and behaves in a very informal manner and tries to make a motion Sarah with different statements. He also tries to discover contents of about the phone call Sarah made earlier to the Hammonsville office to find out more about the job. Even though she does not respond to the question he tries several times. Also, he has only a very little understanding of the research process and is not able to answer her questions. There are no computers in the company. The knowledge of the interviewers and other staff of the company about the data collection process is on a very low le vel.Ethical issues Organizational culture Before the interview Sarah called the company to find out more about what they are doing and the local manager reacts very irritated when he hears that she is invited for a job interview. It tells us that the manger does not know what is going on in the company and that the communication is bad. Later in the interview she learns form Bill and Karen Wise that this local mangers was laid off and that she is hired to replace him. As a matter of fact, he is still at the company and he does not know yet, that he will be laid off. Another indicator of unethical organizational culture in the company shows the fact that Sarah is asked not to tell anybody why she is at the company when she starts her training. The other employees are told she is an auditor. Because of this, she has to be at the company first in the morning so that no one can see her clock in. More evidence of dishonesty is shown by the information that actual functional time in the company is 37,5 hours, not 40 as said in the interview. This decreases Sarahs annual salary and she does not earn the promised amount. The dishonesty to employees and different treatments of employees show the low level of organizational culture. For example the company pays Cindy less than Sarah even though they have more or less the same job. Management took advantage of Cindys situation when she was hired and her raise of salary was delayed. Another incident gives information about the organizational culture one of the interviewers is supposed to be laid off because this interviewer talked to somebody else in the company about her salary. The management initiates this lay off. The employee is in a very bad financial and social situation that does not impress the management at all. After begging to keep the job, the interviewer is allowed to stay.Ethical issues The Code of EthicsThe Code of Ethics is shown as Appendix II.There are several actions by Wise Research, which interfere with The Code of Ethics by the MRA. Reports about how many interviews are completed per hour are manipulated so that these reports show the exact number required. With this method Wise Research manipulates the figures regarding how many potential interviewees were screened. Wise Research uses family members and relatives of the interviewers to answer survey questions if they run out of time. They use these relatives several times with different names, so that the clients cannot find out. This affects the validity of the data.

Libertarianism and Redistribution of Wealth

The libertarian claim that any m maveny gained though employment or business is none that they are fully entitled to is glowering, therefore the claim that the redistribution of that wealth through with(predicate) taxation Is a form of theft Is in any case false based on the grounds that no one fully owns all of their wealth. The reason that no one fully owns all of their wealth is that we live in a community where many aspects of our economy that contribute to the generation of wealth are paid for by society as a whole. An example of this is a child who goes to school.This child will graduate knowing how to read, write, do math, use computers, etcetera. These are all skills required both for them to have Income and for future employers o pull ahead from. These skills allow employers to hire them knowing that they can have a basic level of expectation of this child, and even If they are not employed, business owners can also follow a basic level of expectation in the ability to use the products being sold. To clarify, lets look at an example using Bill Gates, one of the richest men in the world.Bill Gates would never have become flush if he did not have the basic expectation that the majority of tidy sum in America had the education and knowledge to use computers. He did not pay for this knowledge, society as a whole did. The fact that society Is responsible for educating our spate to the basic level required for the use of Bill Gates products Is the reason why Bill Gates does not fully own all of his wealth. Again, to own something is to assume that you are fully Bill Gates owes part of his wealth to society for the education it provided which allows us to use computers.An separate reason why people do not completely own all of their wealth Is that we all owe something to the giving medication who protects our wealth and our ability to gain wealth. The government provides security from outside influence in the world, laws which govern our business pr actices to protect us from each other, and allows the environment in which we are able-bodied to perform business. Because of these reasons we all owe the government because we are able to take advantage of the system that our government has provided.Since the wealthy are able to take a much greater advantage of this system, It Is natural to assume that the wealthy also owe more to the government than do the poorer and middle class citizens. The fact Is that we live in a society in which we are not paid for the labor we do or for the product in which we provide to society as a whole. Instead we are paid based on how well we are able to take advantage of the systems in repoint. This system allows for unfair advantages for some and the only(prenominal) way to balance out those unfair advantages is through taxation.As I nave calmer Deter, ten wangle purpose AT taxation In ten TLS place Is as a Tort of redistribution of wealth. Services need to be paid for and the government must hav e money in orderliness to run. Taxation allows the government to redistribute wealth in a fashion which should be fair (though many times is far from fair) in order to provide the necessary services for our country to prosper. If our country has too large of a breaking between the wealthy and the poor it also looses the ability create new wealth. What I mean is this. The wealthy are able to create wealth by taking advantage of the poor and middle classes.This is not always a bad thing however. Since the poor and middle class make up the bulky majority of the countries population, it is also them who purchase, manufacture, and provide the majority of the products and services offered by the wealthy. The wealthy are able to make money because the rest of the countries citizens spend money. If these citizens have o money to spend there is no money for the wealthy to make and they must begin to look outside of our country for that wealth. Again, this comes down to the advantages prov ided by our government which allow for overseas trade and the import and export of goods and services.If the wealthy are to take advantage of foreign trade, they again owe extra to the government, and society as a whole, for the advantage which is provided to them. In the end however, it is simply a good idea to redistribute wealth back to the poorer in our country in order to provide all citizens at the very least an opportunity to get some of that wealth back from them. Our economy is a never ending broadcast of exchanges in which the most affluent are able to take the greatest advantage, thus owing the most back to their government and society.I do agree that people have a right to their own property (as long as it was obtained honestly), however, how much property does one rattling need and to what extent do they really own it. There must be a point at which a certain amount of wealth is too much. How many of the richest people in the world will ever be able to spend all of th eir money? It is basically for this reason that I am against the views hat it should not be the governments responsibility to use taxation as a way to redistribute income.This is in fact the sole reason for taxation in the first place and the reason why the rich pay a higher amount of tax than the poor. This higher taxation is especially necessary in a society such as ours where the average CEO make something along the lines of 400-500 times as much as the average worker (much higher than any other country in the world). I see no reason why we cant increase taxes on the richest in order to fulfill our obligation to the poor, not only at home but across the world.

A Game of Polo with a Headless Goat

A Game of Polo with a Headless Goat Background This extract comes from a book which was written as a spin-off from Emma Levines television series about strange and unusual sports. It is a travelogue (a book which describes travel in a foreign country) in which she describes these sports, the people twisting and her experiences of filming them. In doing so, she gives an insight not just into the sports themselves, but into the lives and culture of the people who take part in (and watch) them. Understanding the text Emma Levines aim in writing her book was to describe and inform.She obviously has to engage and hold the commentators interest. As you study this text, you need to think about how she does this. On the surface the passage seems a straightforward description and narrative of the locomote, but it isnt. First of all, in that location is not just one race happening, but deuce-ace ? The donkey race ? The spectators race ? The writers race to get the best pictures Emma a j ornalist wanting to capture the epic moment of the race Yaqoob a unskilled driver (danger) he love the risk that donkey race give him Iqbal partner/ helper was send to find our who was the winner of this race maculation During a seven-year journey around India spent immersing herself in the cricket subculture, author Emma Levine heard about the wonderful game of buzkashi, a kind of anarchic rugby football on horseback where teams of men wrestle and race to grab a headless goat and propel it towards goal. This sparked a desire to explore Asias unique traditional sports. A Game of Polo with a Headless Goat is Emma Levines absorbing account of her epic adventure, which took her from camel wrestling in Turkey through bull racing in India to traditional gymnastics in Iran, performed to poetry and the beat of a drum.Sometimes she travelled so far off the beaten track that her journeys sometimes took days and she discovered places where western women are such a rare sight that she wa s mobbed ( ) by onlookers. And everywhere she went she met people who act as the guardians of their ancient sports, protecting the traditions that work evolved over generations. While they recount the folklore that surrounds their local last(prenominal)imes, Emma Levine examines the status of indigenous sports in a mankind dominated by satellite TV, the web and the likes of Manchester United.Are they sports of the past or sports of the future? Illustrated with stunning photography, A Game of Polo with a Headless Goat evocatively portrays sporting ways of life rarely seen in the western world in such a way as to reveal what it is about sport that makes it so universally inspiring. What arse I say about vocabulary? Most newspaper reports of sports races are serious in tone, and try to give the facts of the race and what it was like. Emma Levines purpose is much more complicated. In this passage there is a real mixture of the comic and the serious, with a lot of information given as well.You need to consider each part of it carefully. The passage can be defined as a series of linked paragraphs, describing events in a sequence of time and concluding with the end of the race and the writers overview of what happened. The internal structure is much more complex than this simple outline suggests Pharagraph by pharagreph Paragraph 1-3 / Build up Paragraph 1 Optimism, author promotes her own, Yaqoob and Iqbals excitement. Well open the car boot well join the cars. ? Brief description of what will happen and Levines expectations.Builds immediate excitement and fervency for race and the readers expectation of instant action. Works performanceively with Paragraph 2 Contrast in tone between The two ladssuddenly fired up with enthusiasm in which Levine narrates the creation of new enthusiasm within locals (her guides) to reflect on the reader and the rest of the paragraph Use of eternity hyperbole to exaggerate impatience and derived emotions such as boredom the only action was gazed around at us. Hopeless tone, at the point of giving up, is a let down to the readerThe contrast emphasises the climax in paragraph 7 Paragraph 3 Alternatively, Levine builds hope and optimism in paragraph three, coming, coming the locals replied Line 12 I was extraction to lose faith lads remained confident holds elements of first hand pessimism/ loss in faith and witnessed optimism in the form of reassurance. The effect creates suspense further building the collision of the Climax. Paragraph 4 & 5 / Climactic Beginning Paragraph 4 Climax appears as an explosion of activity Choice of dictionrevved prominent v sound creates imagery and the impression of speed.Develops the moment of frisson() Change in tone fromnarrative to informative and factual, now not narrating their journey but raise the readers interest. The Kibla donkey is said to reach speeds of up to 40kph Although not cruelly at the end of paragraph four seems out of place, this is where Levine reveals that she is conscious of her effect on travelers and corrects the imagery she has introduced. She protects the culture and the tradition in put up to promote () the sport and the traditions. Paragraph 5 Change in punctuation to speed up the pace of Levines writing, overall generating excitement.She begins to use lists and triads (horns tooting, bells ringing, and the special rattles used just for this purpose) and again incorporates an informative tone in order to introduce incompatible aspects of culture. Long, disjointed sentences imitate the excitement, pace and disorder of the event men standing on top of their cars and vans Paragraph 6 / Levine Enters Race Use of analogies like order One (fast-paced, seemingly chaotic), City center rush hour relates to reader and creates understanding of speed and anarchic disorder. Paragraph 7Illustrates danger in order to provoke different kind of excitement, Survival of the fittest? Creates a life and death situation, introduces theanimal, hunt theme. Choice of diction creates a good sense of importance, desperation and danger. e. g. Depended creates a sense of necessity Animal themesharp flicks quick reflexes nerves of steel all phrases associate with an animal during a chase or a hunt. each instinctive. Horn could be interpreted as a pun car horn or animal horn/ impression of danger, competition, tension even meshing Yaqoob loved it. Tone is enthusiastic, describing the fun, excitement. Link to ending. Growing more colourful Euphemistic impression of tension Paragraph 8 / End of Race Levine describes scenery() to reflect the atmosphere. pass straightened and leveled Tone is calmer, pace has been slowed, longer sentences, wider distribution of punctuation. Effective ending The race was over. Mixture of long sentences with short blunt ending implies immediate end of race and excitement. Paragraph 9 / Another Beginning I assumed the winner was the one who completed the race but it was not seen that way by everyone. stress on alien culture and traditions, so exotic that even common reasoning differs. Voices were raised, fists were out and tempers rising Levine reuses lists and triads to speed up the pace, rebuild the excitement muzzy at the end of the race. Ending Irony, incorporated humour to reflect on the reality of the danger. Links back to Yaqoob loved it. Where the tone was still expressing shared delight and fun, new realization and understanding is born to recreate an adapted impression of the entire extract

Filipino Cry: The Social Issues in OPM Songs Essay

IntroductionThis paper will attempt to highlight the theme of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) that appeals the domain concern of the government. This will feature two selected songs , Upuan (2009), and Walang Natira (2010) by Gloc9. These songs were selected according to their similarities in terms of the social issues of the Philippine to the government such as poverty, unemployment, corruption and oppression.The paper seeks to prove that these songs have similar theme that Philippine composers integrate in a music/song to convoke the attention of the government officials.Statement of the worryThis paper answers the following questions1. What are the images depicted in the lyrics of the songs?2. What are the social issues of the public depicted in the songs? 3. What are the common theme and its implication to its listener?ObjectivesGenerally, this paper aims to determine the themes of some OPM Songs.Specifically, this aims to1. identify the images constitute in the lyrics of the songs2. determine how these images portray social issues of the mass to the government and 3. discuss the implications of the theme to the listener.MethodologyAn interpretational digest of the theme of OPM songs, specifically the songs of Gloc9 that has a cryptic meaning underlies in the lyrics of the songs. Enabling to identify the images within it that helps to totally understand the theme of the song. This will also use marxism as a frameworkof the study.ReferencesOnline Sourceshttp//www.johndanielcastillo.myotd.com/Blog.php/46http//glocdash9.com/ intimately/http//www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/216918/lifestyle/people/gloc-9-a-pinoy-rapper-and-his-painful-truths

Addressing the Community Leadership Challenges Faced by Women Leaders of Sitio Galilee, Antipolo Essay

This 2012 get a line explores the participation lead of women in the locale of Sitio Galilee in Antipolo City. Even though the standards of leading persist to be male-oriented, to a greater extent women atomic number 18 taking up leading positions in our society. The prevalent sustain of this get word is to identify the challenges that these women leaders face toward ontogeny in their confederacy more importantly, how these can be addressed. The study mainly sought to (1) identify and understand the leadership challenges that women leaders face in initiating tuition in their federation, and (2) facilitate or assist possible body plow programs that will address these challenges. To resolve this issue, the processes of the participatory natural action research (PAR) were followed, namely(1) diagnosing the status of womens involvement and leadership in the fraternity, (2) readying of action programs that will address the identified leadership challenges, (3) its imple mentation and monitoring, and (4) the evaluation. The accounts of women leaders and the perceptions of the members were collected through man-to-man interviews. In addition, focus group discussions were conducted to encourage peoples participation. Guided by the Social mathematical function Theory, the role of the women as society leaders is further analyzed. This study is a contributory factor to theoreticians and familiarity development practiti one and only(a)rs in analyzing the unaddressed issues of community leadership.See more My Writing Process EssayKeywords Women and leadership, community leadership, community development, Participatory Action ResearchBackground of the Study Traditionally, community affairs and administration pose been the sphere of influence of men. Hassan (2008) explains that this is evident from the im ratio of leaders and office bearers across community, local councils and associations. Silong (2008) also pointed unwrap that women have non been a ctive in local politics and are relatively inactive in universal processes due to institutional, socio-economic and cultural constraints.In the history of the Philippines, women portrayed essential roles, not totally in the facet of taking care of the family but also in the development of the life of the tribe during the pre-colonial measure (Shah, 2007). With the beginning of colonization, it brought about a patriarchal society wherein women were made inferior to men and are not licensed to certain rights (Clamonte, 2007). However, clips are changing. on that point is now acceptance that women can do and prevail a significant role in community affairs, particularly in contributing to the achievement of community development and progress.Nowadays, stories of women occupying leadership positions are be coming ordinary. Although regarded by Zaharah and Silong (2008) as the unsung heroes of community action, womens role in community leadership has become increasingly important. I n certain communities, they already learned the knowledge and skill that have produced positive transformation to their community (Bond, Holmes, Byrne, Babchuck, & Kirton-Robbins, 2008). More importantly, they have established themselves as community leaders. However, many are not aware of the challenges that these women leaders face.In view of this, the police detective learned, through the ocular visit that all the community leaders of Sitio Galilee, Antipolo are women. Their husbands work in the city and and come home for the weekend. Hence, their weekdays are spent at caring for the family, doing erecthold chores, daily chatting in the resemblance and playing card games. Above all this, they also manage to plan and work concerning community affairs. The researcher sought to further investigate on the womens leadership in the community, specifically on the challenges they encounter.Research ObjectivesThe women leaders in the community of Sitio Galilee, Antipolo face several leadership challenges that need to be addressed. How can the community of Sitio Galilee, Antipolo address these? Specifically, this study sought to1. Diagnose the status of womens involvement and leadership in the community 2. Identify the leadership challenges faced by women leaders towards community development 3. Initiate the planning of action programs that will address the identified leadership challenges 4. Implement the action program and facilitate its monitoring and 5. measure the effectiveness of the action programs.Significance of the StudyThis study serves its significance for two aspects theoretical and practical. Firstly, this study is guide by the Social Role theory. This theory emphasizes on the processes of role-taking and role-making as part of an individuals life. tended to(p) by these processes is the role conflict which may develop as one struggle distinguishable cooccurring roles. This study improves the clarity and applicability of the theory as it is use d by a researcher.This study is a contributory factor to the residents of Sitio Galilee, Antipolo in broadening their understanding of the leadership restrictions that their women leaders are encountering. This Participatory Action Research assists them in the process of maximum participation of the community, through initiating action programs, in addressing the identified challenges. Hence, this study promotes and encourages community development in the locale.This study is affiliated with the University of Santo Tomas and its Simbahayan Office. This is a useful document in analyzing and addressing the issues of community leadership within their partner communities.Scope and DelimitationThe scope of this research is the women leaders in Sitio Galilee, Antipolo. This study focused on the role of women in leadership and community development, the identification of the stupefyd leadership barriers towards development in their community, and most significantly the process wherein th ese challenges were addressed.This study did not c e reallyplace other factors, other than leadership per se, that impede the process of development and progress in the community of Sitio Galilee. A constructivist worldview was applied. This implies that the researcher seeks to establish the implication of a phenomenon from the views of the participants. In this endeavor, the journeys of women leaders were described and determined by the participants. Furthermore, the action programs implemented came from the propositions of the participants. The researcher only served as facilitator and participant observer of the said approach.Theoretical Framework Individuals have several roles that they play across time and place within the period of life. tally to Burr (1972), throughout life, individuals transfer into and out of different roles, keeping some, leaving others behind, and beginning new roles.This study is guided by the Social Role Theory. This is not just a single theory rather this was established through interrelating and interconnecting perspectives. One of the pioneers of this theory is George Herbert Meads role-taking. It explains that the ability to put oneself in anothers place is an essential development of the self (Ritzer, 2000).According to this theory, sociable role is a set of rights, duties, expectations, norms and behavior a person has to face and to fulfill. Linton (1936) explained that, as cited in the study of Harrison and Lynch (2005), the role represents the sum total of all various roles of an individual, and determines what one does for the society and one may expect from it.In this sense, roles do not remain static, but change and evolve over time, as stated by turner (1990). There is the concept of role-taking where an individual acquires or takes on the role of other individuals and role-making wherein one is able to create and recreate these roles (Turner, 1990).In undergoing these processes, one may experience role overload and role conflict. Turner (1990) defines role overload as, the experience of lacking the resources, including time and energy, needed to meet the demands of all roles. On the other hand, role conflict is defined by Turner (1990) as, an incongruity between the expectations of one role and those of another. However, there is the so called role oddment. Role balance is a state wherein an individual is able to perform his or her roles well and meet its expectations (Marks & MacDermid, 1996).To show how the social role theory is applied in this study of the leadership challenges of women leaders, the researcher conceptualized a paradigm that lucubrate how the multiple roles (with its linked rights, duties and expectations to it) of a woman contribute to the challenges they face.Literature ReviewGender role encapsulates the characteristics and behaviors that are distinguished as either masculine or feminine (Bem, 1974 Clamonte, 2007). Carli and Eagly (2001) have enumeratedThe set of trait s and behaviors labeled as masculine includes the following is self-reliant, independent, and assertive, has leadership abilities, is willing to take risks, makes decisions easily, is dominant, is willing to take a stand, acts like a leader, and is athletic, ambitious, and self-sufficient. The set of traits and behaviors labeled as feminine include these is affectionate, compassionate, and cheerful, does not use harsh language, is loyal, sensitive to the take of others, sympathetic, gentle, and understanding, loves children, and is tender and warm.Tannen (1990) pointed out that, the traditionalistic sex role is a social orientation that emphasizes closeness and solidarity, whereas the traditional masculine sexual activity role is a social orientation that emphasized power and status. In sociology, gender roles are considered artifactual or socially constructed ideals in the society. Eagly (2002) has characterized this as a male-advantaged gender hierarchy. The roles associated t o men benefited them more than the womens. They gained more access to resources, authority in decision makings and more slots in the administration (Kolb, 1999).In the Philippines, women enjoyed distinguished equality in the society during the pre-colonial times (Santos-Maranan, Parreno, & Fabros, 2006). Shah (2007) explicated that, Philippines have tracked kinship bilaterally. Some of the rights they experienced are (1) they were entitled to the properties of their family, (2) instigate divorce of their husbands, (3) engage in trading and a lot more privileges (Clamonte, 2007).However, the coming of the Spaniards that brought about the indoctrination of Catholicism has downgraded the role of Filipino women (Shah, 2007). The spirit of the native Filipina was changed. Shah (2007) expounded that, the image of the Filipino women became tied to the house whose only duty was to take care of the husband and the children. Alesina, Nunn and Giuliano (2011) also added, It also became a fath ers good girl, a husbands subject, and a long-suffering woman with sealed lips and silent sobs and has not right to participate political undertakings.In the rural area, the Filipino woman belongs in the home. Flavier (2007) described in his book, Doctor to the Barrios, that rural women in the Philippines wield considerable authority, the housewife in particular. According to him, the housewife is ofttimes called as the Reyna ng Tahanan.A recent writing by Vartii (2011) revealed that, there is a re-emergence of the empowerment of Filipino women though the political process. In the present times, women in the Philippines are reviving the strengths they lost. Women now are seen work removed the home and occupying the prominent positions in their own field. Many even manage to become leaders. Fabros (2005) affirmed, No matter what kinds of issues they (women) are involved in at present, one thing is clear they are the very testimony of a better Philippines.The second-wave feminism a nd radical feminism have remedied the traditional issues on gender (Cornell, 1998 in Pflanz, 2011). Even though there was a significant development of the status of women in the twentieth century, theres still much to be done to fully change the social beliefs regarding this matter. Carly and Eagly (2001) argues that, women detain to lack access to power and leadership compared with men. There is this phenomenon called glass ceiling. Coleman (2003) defines this as a barrier that is impenetrable to women. Pflanz (2011) mentioned in his study that, Studies involving women in leadership roles indicate the majority of women believe their biggest obstacle to emanation is a mindset favoring candidates that fit in a male-dominated environment.Even though the standards of leadership persist to be male-oriented, more women are taking up leadership positions in our society (Pflanz, 2011). Pflanz (2011) further explained that, many women larn leadership positions in order to have an influen ce within their communities.The Department of Communities of the Queensland Government (2006) stated that, society leadership is leadership in, for and by the community. Ferrer (2010) affirms, it reflects the concept of people and groups working(a) together to achieve common ken and goals. Community leadership is not profit-oriented and therefore involves non-paid leaders (Baconguis, 2010). In the study of Garina (1957), he revealed that, non-paid local leaders are vital in community action cooperation with them by outside agencies is imperative in the process of community development.Womens participation in the communities and national scene was not only through public leadership. In many cases, women form the backbone of formations as members or volunteers, particularly at the community level. There are numerous examples of this point barangay health workers, churchwomen, community mobilizers, members of peoples organizations and civic organizations over and above their tradi tional roles as domestic managers/housekeepers, caregivers, and even as they engage in productive labor outside the domestic sphere (Bond, Holmes, Byrne, Babchuck, & Kirton-Robbins, 2008).The report on the Forum on Women nongovernmental organization Managers in 1987 entitled, Women NGO Managers Issues and Dilemmas revealed that women NGO managers play multiple roles and have triple responsibility of caring for the home and children, earning a living/working outside the home and contributing to the national development. It showed that these women experience a major dilemma on how to balance and integrate the concerns of family life and the demands of work/career commitment. These pressures on family-work commitments are further magnified by leadership roles that women play in their organization (PHILDHRRA, 1987).

In Euripdes play medea Essay

In Euripides play Medea, the character of Medea is commonly expound as existence both manic and wicked. I do agree that throughout the play Medea does direct herself to be manic individual and does commit a number of wicked acts, entirely I do non believe that she as much wicked as she is unstable, there are umteen other(a) factors that need to be taken into account. Medea is a strong powerful woman in a era and society in which woman were considered weak and did not have a voice.Throughout the play Medea is sh accept as universe completely other, she has supernatural powers and is from a far a demeanor land, and will do anything she feels fit for what she believes to be right, even if these acts could be considered wicked a foreign woman coming among new laws, new customs, call for the skill of magic. The men around her throughout the play treat her differently due to this discreteness not so much respecting her but not talking to her as he would an Athenian woman. out f ront the play is set Medea has committed a number of atrocious crimes killing her own brother in order to escape her father and coercing the daughters of Pelios into killing their own father after he wronged Jason. While it is hard, oddly from a modern perspective, to in any way justify these acts, one can also turn over that she does not commit these crimes for no reason, she doesnt kill randomly and at no point in the play does Medea suggest she takes pleasure in the act of ending a life.It seems that instead she behaves as she feels she moldiness to do what is necessary even if that involves killing those who oppose or detriment her. In my opinion this seems to so much as wicked as mentally unstable. Throughout the play Medea acts in a way that is manic, it is clear that all those around her are worried about her state of judgement. Even Her own nurse, somebody who would have known Medea intimately having raised her and travelled to Greece with her, fears what Medea might do drawing subdivisionicular precaution to what she whitethorn do to her children in hopes of getting revenge on Jason Ive watched her watching them like a wild bull.Creon, King of Corinth and father of the woman for whom Jason has left Medea for, fears that Medea may wish to cause harm to him and his own and as a result of this fear plans to exile Medea My blood runs cold to think what plots you may be nursing deep within your heart. At this point in the play notwithstanding the suspense being built it is hard for one not to pity Medeas plight, her husband has put away her, she has no family to turn to so without her husbands support a lonely greek woman would have had teensy-weensy way of supporting herself in a manner that was respectable especially if she had been exiled.Medeas state of mind is one of great turmoil, for the opening scene of the play we do not see Medea herself instead Medea is comprehend lamenting her fate, another example of Medeas insanity. Many believe th at that Jason was solely responsible for Medeas many wicked deeds. If Medea had never met Jason than she would have never left her family, never killed her brother and never had to live in a society in which she is a cultural alien.Everything she did was done for Jason, she is a passionate woman and her beloved for Jason was intense her nurse describing her as being mad with love and Jasons disloyalty. Divorce was not curious in Greek society and at one point in the play the chorus, who throughout had been on Medeas side, believe she is behaving in a way that is too melodramatic this thing is common why let it anger you, but in my opinion that for a woman who was already unstable, Jasons reprehensible treason and Creons exile was enough to have push Medea over the edge I shall spank dead father daughter, and my husband.Jason leaves Medea and her children in favour of another woman, two reasons are given for this betrayal Jasons claims that he wished for a wife that would be pol itically advantageous What luckier chance could I have met, than wedding ceremony with a Kings daughter, and Medeas nurse, who resents Jason, claims that it was because Jason wanted a younger prettier girl Jason is a captive in a princesss bed.Whatever the reason Jason abandons Medea and her children in a cruel way, Jason claims he planned to support her and her children It is not for the sake of any women that I have made this royal marriage, but as i have already said to ensure your future. However he does not make any mention of this until after Medea has been exiled and he no longer plans to offer this support.All of Medeas crimes are committed by way of a punishment for betraying her. She is even willing to kill her own children to punish Jason despite her love for them, she is convinced that it is the only way that she can truly punish Jason is by killing those he lovesThis is the way to deal Jason the deepest wound. It would seem that there is still a part of Medea that lov es Jason as she does not simply kill him.Despite Medeas motivation and justification for her crime, there is no avoiding the fact that Medeas actions are evil, she killed her own children, who had never ever done anything to hurt her and who loved her and believe her what have they to do with their fathers wickedness. She also killed Creon whose only crime was to wish to treasure his daughter Id rather make you my enemy now, than weaken, then later pay with disunite, even Glauce despite being the woman who Jason left Medea for, was not truly at fault she didnt chose Jason she was offered it was her duty to marry the man chosen for her.From the very start we know that Medea is planning some image of revenge which in Greek society was perfectly acceptable, but even they would see her crimes as being unforgivably wicked. The audience, as the play progresses, switch from pitying Medea ,to pitying Jason, Jason has over the years used Medea for his own gain, but nobody deserves to los e their own children killed my sons? the words kill me . Medeas revenge is justified but she takes it to far, showing herself to be both manic and wicked.In conclusion, it is possible to say that Medea is manic, she kills all those that get in her way, and any that she needs to in order to complete her revenge. Despite this it seems hard to describe her as being completely evil, while she has killed many, she does not kill randomly, she only kill those that have wronged her, and she never kills for pleasure. So while she is most definitely dangerously unstable and capable of truly evil acts, I do not think she is truly evil.

Breast Cancer

In fashion modelative Speech seam deed Public verbalize Course Code COM 101 Title summit Cancer Presented by Anna Kokkoni Reg. tot up K2005444 Do you fill come forth what is the think between Kylie Minogue, Sheryl Crow, Olivia Newton-John? Let me tell you a small stratum before I root this question. My aunt Irene five historic period ago had a really no-good pain in her repair converge. Everybody use to tell her that its nothing. You dont need to go to a medical specialist because from examine and nervous. One day she decide and went to the doctor dependable to be confident(predicate) that its nothing. But she didnt ascertain the answer that she was awaiting.The bad innovatives came. Mrs Irene you boast titmouse crabmeat. My aunty has the same as the tether ladies menti wizardd above. I am here to talk you about teat pubic louse, the encounter factors, the anatomy of women bosom, egotism examen of depreciators. Breast chiffoniercer is the around com mon groundworkcer in women. It happens when about cells of the white meat drowse off adjudge of multiplication and divide uncontrollably. These cells moderate the ability to break Filtration some standard anatomic barriers to tit and air the rest of the body Each digestcer so that booby pubic louse is due to a contagious pervertedity in a cell.Although the cause is at a take of genes, hardly 5-10% of bosom crab louses ar inherited from p arnts. The mass of dispar shape upr malignant neoplastic diseases be due to some inheritable damage that occurs during life. The endangerment of a char get downing pap pubic louse increases with age. So while until the age of 39 classs, the essay is just 0. 5% in ages 40-59 years the risk reaches 4% (i. e. 1 in 25 women provide develop front backsidecer). From age 60 and ancimove into, the risk is high as 7% (approximately 1 in 15 women). Other risk factors for titty crabmeat atomic number 18 Heredity the daught ers, sisters and mothers of women who unquestionable mammilla cancer and curiously at a unexampled age (Breast CancerBreast Cancer in Women In this essay I bequeath be discussing pinhead cancer, a very serious do that affects thousands of women each year. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and is the second leading cause of closing in women ages 35 to 54. The majority of meet cancer cases be sporadic, meaning there is no family write up of the disease. Only 5% to 10% of women with breast cancer eat a family history. Although there is no know cure for breast cancer, by educating yourself about this disease it can help you in prematureish detection.The origin step in azoic detection is self breast exams. These exams should begin when a woman is 18 years old in order to learn what is normal and what is not in the breast. Other all-important(prenominal) steps in early detection ar regular doctors exams and mammograms. A mammogram is the s urmount way to detect breast cancer. A woman should nominate a mammogram when she is 40 years old and then one any two years until she is 50. Once a woman turns 50 she should have a mammogram once a year because the chances of getting breast cancer greatly increases. In fe antherals, breasts be made up of lobules, ducts, and stoma.Lobules are milk producing glands, ducts are the milk passages that connect to the nipple, and stoma is the dipper wander that surrounds the duct and lobules. Cancer develops when cells arrive abnormal and start growing out of control, forming a tumor. A tumor can be friendly which means it can damage wander but doesnt hand out to other parts of the body. On the other hand, malignant tumors spread to other parts of the body damage and destroying healthy tissue. There are m each different references of cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ has the lowest mortality rate.It starts in the milk ducts and is treated before public exposure to other brea st tissue. This type of cancer is almost always curable. The most common type is called encroaching(a) ductal carcinoma. This cancer starts in the milk ducts of the breast, then it breaks through the duct and attacks the fatty part of the breast. This cancer accounts for up to 80% of all breast cancer. Another type is called invasive lobular carcinoma. This cancer begins in the lobules of the breast where the milk is produced, but it spreads to surrounding tissue or the rest of the body.This cancer accounts for 10% of invasive breast cancers. Signs and symptoms of breast cancer are a intumescence in the breast, a adjustment in the pare such as abnormal redness or glob, a channelize in the nipple, bloody set down from the nipple and an enlarged lymph node under the arm. When recognizing these signs, it is critical to see a doctor so he/she can give you a breast exam, mammogram, or an ultrasound. Based on those shews results, your doctor may implore that you have a biopsy do ne to obtain a sample of the breast tissue or mass.If the test finds evidence of breast cancer, the kind of word leave alone depend upon the size and location of the disease. A treatment of the disease depends on the type of tumor and how far it has spread in the lymph glands or other organs in the body. Treatment can be local or systemic. local anaesthetic treatments such as surgical procedure and radiation are used to remove, destroy or control the cancer cells in a particular proposition area in the breast. Systemic treatments such as chemotherapy and internal secretion therapy are used to destroy or control cancer cells all over the body.Depending upon what the doctor finds, you may have to have one form of treatment or a combination of both(prenominal). Another option is a mastectomy where one or both breasts are removed. A mastectomy may be necessary if there is much than one lump in the breast, if the cancer is directly underneath the nipple, if the patient had a prev ious lumpectomy and the tissue around the cancer is abnormal or if the cancer is too large to remove from the breast to mute look normal. Also, some patients that have a larger but operable breast cancer can use medicine.Theres a treatment call adjuvant that uses medicine to attack cancer cells including the ones that have spread. Using this treatment can kill these cells or prevent them from growing for many months and/or years with or without radiation. For many women breasts are a visual symbol of femininity, a focal point of sexuality, and a proud source of nurturing new life. Developing breast cancer can be traumatic not only for a womans health but for her self-esteem. That is why it is so important for women to be educated on the early detection signs in order to diagnose the cancer early and play down any negative effect it may have.Breast CancerMost signs of breast cancer put one over place on the breast or somewhere in that sure rounding area. A lump or thickening that tiptoels different from the surrounding tissues in the beer sat. Bloody discharge from the nipple or an modify nipple, and change in size or shape o f the breast. Peeling, scaling or flaking of the nipple or breast pelt, and Redding or pitting o f the skin over your breast (like the skin of an orange). Infections and cysts are more common n when you have developed breast cancer. Theres many other signs and symptoms you can ha e with breast cancer, almost too many to name.It really isnt clear what causes breast cancer. It occurs when breast cells begin growing abnormally. Most of the time it starts with cells in the milk producing ducts. D actors do estimate that only 5% to 10% of breast cancers are passed through generations of fame lye. The most common breast cancers are breast cancer gene 1 (BRIAR) and breast cancer gene 2 (BRACE). BRIAR and BRACE are unremarkably found in the cells of the breast and other tissue s, where they elf repair damaged deoxyribonucleic acid or destr oy cells if DNA cannot be repaired.If BRA 1 and BRACE are damaged by a BRA mutation then damaged DNA is not repaired propel y, and that increases the risk for breast cancer. There are number Of tests and diagnosis for breast cancer. You could get a BRB east exam where your doctor will feel both of your breasts checking for lumps or baboon mealtimes. Mammograms or an Cray of the breast is another way to discover breast can err. You could get a breast ultrasound, that produces sound waves to produce images of structure s deep within the body.A biopsy is a very affective way to discover breast cancer, its where the y take a sample of breast cells for testing. You could also get an MR., that uses a magnetic and r audio wave to create pictures of the interior of your breast. Theres so many established risks to getting breast cancer. Being a woman is a huge one of those established risks. Your risk of getting breast cancer goes up as you GE t older, 2 of 3 breast cancers are found in wome n 55 or older. If you have one firefighters fee male relative sister, mother, daughter), then your risk Of getting breast cancer doubles.Afar can Americans, Hispanics, and Asian women are more possible to develop breast cancer. African American women are also more likely to develop more aggressive and advanced stages of breast t cancer, at a very young age. Being heavy set or overweight can also increase your risk of breast cancer development. If you are heavy set or overweight you can decrease your risk o f breast cancer by being active and exercising. If your drink alcohol or stinkpot youre more likely t 0 get breast anger than someone who doesnt do those things.Breast CancerDo you know what is breast cancer? Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that develops from cells in the breast. How breast cancer spreads to other parts of the body? The cancer cells grow and divide out of control, invading and damaging nearby tissues and organs. Cancer cells also break away from the original tumour and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system. This spread of the cancer is called metastasis. Breast cancer may appear as a lump but there are many different types of breast lumps. Most lumps are harmless, or benign.Benign lumps are abnormal, but not life-threatening. Who is at most risk? Men? pistillate? Or both of them will get breast cancer? The answer is female and male will get breast cancer. However, breast cancer is a female diseases, percentage of men get breast cancer is very low. For example, In Malaysia, the National Cancer Registry reported 56 news cases of male breast cancer in 2002 About 1% of cases occur in men (around 300 per year in the UK). For female, the percentage of Malaysian women get breast cancer is 30% in 2002 and 31% in 2003.What are the causes of breast cancer? A womans risk of getting breast cancer increases with age. More than 80% of cases occur in women over 50. If you have one close relative such as mother and sister with breast cancer, it will doubles up your risk of getting breast cancer. Most cancer patients may not have a family history of the cancer, nor any exposure to cognize environment trigger. Women who have received high-dose ionizing radiation to the chest have a relative risk of breast cancer.Besides that, taking alcohol such as more than one glass per day to an increase risk of breast cancer. Taking the contraceptive pill slightly increase the risk too. Taking hormone replacement therapy significantly increases your risk somewhat more, but the health benefits derived from hormone replacement are break down overall. What are the symptoms of breast cancer? Early breast cancer can in some cases posit a breast pain or a painful lump. Another reported symptom confused of breast cancer is Pagets disease of the breast.This syndrome presents as eczematoid skin changes at the nipple, and is a late face of an underlying breast cancer. In the simple ways, female should check for these main symptoms such as cha nge in the size or shape of a breast, dimpling of the breast skin, the nipple becoming inverted and swelling or a lump in the armpit. If you found that you unfortunately get breast cancer, what should you do? slangt forget breast cancer has many types of treatment The main treatment of breast cancer is surgery.In the most cases, conservative surgery is used, which preserves the shape and the appearance of the breast. For very early breast cancer, only the lump and a small area of tissue around it is removed. For later stage breast cancer, much more tissue is removed but it is replaced with muscle to rebuild the breast. Since breast cancer cells usually spread first to the lymph node in the armpit, the surgeon will usually cut into it to check for any spread. The surgery may followed by a short hunt down of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, depending on the type of tumour and how advanced it is.In the most cases, the patient will given a longer course of hormone therapy like tamoxifen which reduces the risk of the cancer recurring. The other treatments are radiation treatment and mammography. In conclusions, breast cancer is a common cancer and it is the second leading cancer killer in female. So, we must always protect ourselves from breast cancer. For me, I suggest that everyone with a family history of breast cancer should check themselves regularly. Thank you.Breast CancerBreast Cancer in Women In this essay I will be discussing breast cancer, a very serious issue that affects thousands of women each year. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and is the second leading cause of death in women ages 35 to 54. The majority of breast cancer cases are sporadic, meaning there is no family history of the disease. Only 5% to 10% of women with breast cancer have a family history. Although there is no known cure for breast cancer, by educating yourself about this disease it can help you in early detection.The first step in early detection is s elf breast exams. These exams should begin when a woman is 18 years old in order to learn what is normal and what is not in the breast. Other important steps in early detection are regular doctors exams and mammograms. A mammogram is the best way to detect breast cancer. A woman should have a mammogram when she is 40 years old and then one every two years until she is 50. Once a woman turns 50 she should have a mammogram once a year because the chances of getting breast cancer greatly increases. In females, breasts are made up of lobules, ducts, and stoma.Lobules are milk producing glands, ducts are the milk passages that connect to the nipple, and stoma is the fatty tissue that surrounds the duct and lobules. Cancer develops when cells become abnormal and start growing out of control, forming a tumor. A tumor can be benign which means it can damage tissue but doesnt spread to other parts of the body. On the other hand, malignant tumors spread to other parts of the body damaging and destroying healthy tissue. There are many different types of cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ has the lowest mortality rate.It starts in the milk ducts and is treated before spreading to other breast tissue. This type of cancer is almost always curable. The most common type is called invasive ductal carcinoma. This cancer starts in the milk ducts of the breast, then it breaks through the duct and attacks the fatty part of the breast. This cancer accounts for up to 80% of all breast cancer. Another type is called invasive lobular carcinoma. This cancer begins in the lobules of the breast where the milk is produced, but it spreads to surrounding tissue or the rest of the body.This cancer accounts for 10% of invasive breast cancers. Signs and symptoms of breast cancer are a lump in the breast, a change in the skin such as abnormal redness or swelling, a change in the nipple, bloody discharge from the nipple and an enlarged lymph node under the arm. When recognizing these signs, it is critical to see a doctor so he/she can give you a breast exam, mammogram, or an ultrasound. Based on those tests results, your doctor may request that you have a biopsy done to obtain a sample of the breast tissue or mass.If the test finds evidence of breast cancer, the kind of treatment will depend upon the size and location of the disease. A treatment of the disease depends on the type of tumor and how far it has spread in the lymph glands or other organs in the body. Treatment can be local or systemic. Local treatments such as surgery and radiation are used to remove, destroy or control the cancer cells in a specific area in the breast. Systemic treatments such as chemotherapy and hormone therapy are used to destroy or control cancer cells all over the body.Depending upon what the doctor finds, you may have to have one form of treatment or a combination of both. Another option is a mastectomy where one or both breasts are removed. A mastectomy may be necessary if there is more th an one lump in the breast, if the cancer is directly underneath the nipple, if the patient had a previous lumpectomy and the tissue around the cancer is abnormal or if the cancer is too large to remove from the breast to still look normal. Also, some patients that have a larger but operable breast cancer can use medicine.Theres a treatment call adjuvant that uses medicine to attack cancer cells including the ones that have spread. Using this treatment can kill these cells or prevent them from growing for many months and/or years with or without radiation. For many women breasts are a visual symbol of femininity, a focal point of sexuality, and a proud source of nurturing new life. Developing breast cancer can be traumatic not only for a womans health but for her self-esteem. That is why it is so important for women to be educated on the early detection signs in order to diagnose the cancer early and minimize any negative effects it may have.Breast CancerInformative Speech Course Tit le Public Speaking Course Code COM 101 Title Breast Cancer Presented by Anna Kokkoni Reg. Number K2005444 Do you know what is the link between Kylie Minogue, Sheryl Crow, Olivia Newton-John? Let me tell you a small story before I answer this question. My aunty Irene five years ago had a really bad pain in her right breast. Everybody use to tell her that its nothing. You dont need to go to a specialist because from stress and nervous. One day she decide and went to the doctor just to be sure that its nothing. But she didnt receive the answer that she was awaiting.The bad news came. Mrs Irene you have breast cancer. My aunty has the same as the three ladies mentioned above. I am here to talk you about breast cancer, the risk factors, the anatomy of women breast, self examination of breasts. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It happens when some cells of the breast lose control of multiplication and divide uncontrollably. These cells have the ability to break Filtratio n some normal anatomic barriers to breast and disperse the rest of the body Each cancer so that breast cancer is due to a genetic abnormality in a cell.Although the cause is at a level of genes, only 5-10% of breast cancers are inherited from parents. The majority of breast cancers are due to some genetic damage that occurs during life. The risk of a woman developing breast cancer increases with age. So while until the age of 39 years, the risk is just 0. 5% in ages 40-59 years the risk reaches 4% (i. e. 1 in 25 women will develop breast cancer). From age 60 and older, the risk is high as 7% (approximately 1 in 15 women). Other risk factors for breast cancer are Heredity the daughters, sisters and mothers of women who developed breast cancer and particularly at a young age (Breast CancerInformative Speech Course Title Public Speaking Course Code COM 101 Title Breast Cancer Presented by Anna Kokkoni Reg. Number K2005444 Do you know what is the link between Kylie Minogue, Sheryl Crow , Olivia Newton-John? Let me tell you a small story before I answer this question. My aunty Irene five years ago had a really bad pain in her right breast. Everybody use to tell her that its nothing. You dont need to go to a specialist because from stress and nervous. One day she decide and went to the doctor just to be sure that its nothing. But she didnt receive the answer that she was awaiting.The bad news came. Mrs Irene you have breast cancer. My aunty has the same as the three ladies mentioned above. I am here to talk you about breast cancer, the risk factors, the anatomy of women breast, self examination of breasts. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It happens when some cells of the breast lose control of multiplication and divide uncontrollably. These cells have the ability to break Filtration some normal anatomic barriers to breast and disperse the rest of the body Each cancer so that breast cancer is due to a genetic abnormality in a cell.Although the caus e is at a level of genes, only 5-10% of breast cancers are inherited from parents. The majority of breast cancers are due to some genetic damage that occurs during life. The risk of a woman developing breast cancer increases with age. So while until the age of 39 years, the risk is just 0. 5% in ages 40-59 years the risk reaches 4% (i. e. 1 in 25 women will develop breast cancer). From age 60 and older, the risk is high as 7% (approximately 1 in 15 women). Other risk factors for breast cancer are Heredity the daughters, sisters and mothers of women who developed breast cancer and particularly at a young age (